A geoid model is a leveling model that provides the height difference between the ellipsoid and the normal/geoid surface (known as elevation anomaly). It allows you to convert GNSS geodetic height to normal height, which is required in construction, mapping, and land planning.
Common global models include EGM96, EGM2008, and the newer EGM2020. For best accuracy, use the official local or national geoid model if available.
HAS (High Accuracy Service) is a free PPP correction service from the Galileo system, delivering real-time positioning corrections via satellite (E6-B band) and internet, enabling decimeter-level accuracy without needing a base station.
A GNSS RTK receiver is normally consists of upper housing, GNSS antenna, shielding cover, battery, front panel and lower shell.